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Chaos: The Science of Predictable Random Motion, by Richard Kautz
Free PDF Chaos: The Science of Predictable Random Motion, by Richard Kautz
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Based on only elementary mathematics, this engaging account of chaos theory bridges the gap between introductions for the layman and college-level texts. It develops the science of dynamics in terms of small time steps, describes the phenomenon of chaos through simple examples, and concludes with a close look at a homoclinic tangle, the mathematical monster at the heart of chaos. The presentation is enhanced by many figures, animations of chaotic motion (available on a companion CD), and biographical sketches of the pioneers of dynamics and chaos theory. To ensure accessibility to motivated high school students, care has been taken to explain advanced mathematical concepts simply, including exponentials and logarithms, probability, correlation, frequency analysis, fractals, and transfinite numbers. These tools help to resolve the intriguing paradox of motion that is predictable and yet random, while the final chapter explores the various ways chaos theory has been put to practical use.
- Sales Rank: #1935275 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Oxford University Press, USA
- Published on: 2010-12-30
- Released on: 2010-12-30
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 7.50" h x .80" w x 9.70" l, 1.85 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 384 pages
Features
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"Richard Kautz has written an excellent text that is suitable for undergraduates and provides the mathematical detail necessary to give a thorough introduction to chaos. Chaos is a superb book that presents chaos and chaotic systems so that readers will understand the concepts and understand what is so fascinating about this phenomenon." -- by David S. Mazel, The Mathematical Association of America
About the Author
Richard Kautz is an engineer and physicist who holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During his career at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, he helped develop fundamental quantum standards for both voltage and capacitance. Kautz is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and a recipient of the Samuel Stratton Award for measurement science and the Edward Condon Award for scientific writing.
Most helpful customer reviews
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
The paradox of chaos
By Richard Kautz
"Chaos" records my personal quest to understand the paradox of motion that is predictable and random at the same time. Of course, "random" is usually taken to mean both "unpredictable" and "jumbled", but the paradox remains when we restrict "random" to mean simply "jumbled". How can motion predicted by a simple equation, lacking any random element, be truly jumbled -- all mixed up according to statistical tests? That is the puzzle at the heart of my book.
In resolving this puzzle, "Chaos" avoids advanced mathematics (calculus) and relies instead on algebra plus graphics and animation (available on a companion CD) to explore both the phenomenon of chaos and its root cause. If your interest is casual, the introductory chapter probably explains everything you ever wanted to know about chaos. But if you want to glimpse chaos theory's heart of darkness, you'll need persistence and a willingness to absorb new mathematical concepts, including exponentials and logarithms, probability, correlation, frequency analysis, fractals, and transfinite numbers. Each of these concepts is introduced as painlessly as possible with examples and analogies intended to provide an intuitive understanding. In the end, you'll get to know the mathematical monster at the heart of chaos, the topological tangle discovered late in the 19th century by the French physicist and mathematician, Henri Poincaré. Of his tangle, Poincaré wrote, "One is struck by the complexity of this picture, which I do not even attempt to draw."
But resolving the paradox of chaos is just part of the story. "Chaos" begins by introducing the science of dynamics, as founded by Galileo and Newton in the 16th and 17th centuries to explain the regular motion of pendulums and planets, motion that epitomizes the predictability of a clockwork universe. Strangely, however, the phenomenon of chaos also falls within the realm of Newton's equations. Although Newton never suspected as much, his equations can give rise to jumbled motion just as easily as periodic motion. But a condition known as "nonlinearity" is required for chaos. In the book, you'll learn about nonlinearity through a series of examples drawn from the motion of a pendulum. Newton himself butted heads with nonlinearity when he tried to understand the details of the moon's orbit and later admitted that it made his head ache.
Using Newtonian dynamics, my book explores the chaotic motion of a pendulum to reveal exactly how jumbled it can be. When a pendulum is driven by a periodic force of sufficient strength, its motion doesn't necessarily settle into the regular swing of a grandfather clock. Instead, its rotation can be completely jumbled, without any apparent correlation between how it's rotating now and how it was rotating some time ago. Indeed, tracking the pendulum's net rotation reveals a drunkard's walk, with forward motion accumulated with the same probability as reverse motion. And, if we pretend the pendulum's velocity waveform is an audio signal, chaos sounds like white noise: the hiss of a radio tuned between stations. These are surprising observations given that the pendulum's motion is predicted by a simple equation, lacking any hint of randomness.
A further property of chaotic motion is colorfully described as the "butterfly effect". This effect was discovered by Edward Lorenz, the meteorologist who first realized that weather can be chaotic. In 1959, while exploring a simple mathematical model that predicted nonperiodic weather patterns, Lorenz discovered that a tiny disturbance can quickly lead to a pattern completely different from what would have occurred without the disturbance. This observation led Lorenz to ask, "Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?" My book explores this sensitivity of chaotic systems to small disturbances in a variety of scenarios, from convecting fluids to whirling carnival rides to colliding billiard balls. In each case, the butterfly effect profoundly limits our practical ability to predict the future, even when exact prediction is possible in principle.
In addition to presenting the phenomenon of chaos and its ultimate mathematical roots, Chaos traces its historical development from Galileo and Newton, who began the science of dynamics, to Poincaré, Hadamard, and Birkoff, who developed the underlying mathematics of chaos, to Lorenz, Smale, and others, who initiated the coming of age of chaos. Biographical sketches of the founding fathers of chaos theory enliven the narrative and explain the historical context of their work.
Although "Chaos" is perhaps best suited to college undergraduates, it is also intended to be accessible to high-school students. With this in mind, I am pleased to report that the British Physics Olympiad presented "Chaos" as a prize to outstanding participants in its 2012 high-school competition. I am also pleased to offer the following accolades drawn from unsolicited reviews of "Chaos".
"... Kautz has written an excellent text that is suitable for undergraduates and provides the mathematical detail necessary to give a thorough introduction to chaos. Chaos is a superb book that presents chaos and chaotic systems so that readers will understand the concepts and understand what is so exciting about this phenomenon. ... I highly recommend this book." -- David Mazel, MAA Reviews (October 2012)
"Kautz's [Chaos] functions at the level of Ruelle's [Chance and Chaos] but is more focused and complete. It brings a thorough and fresh approach to the task. The writing is lucid and very engaging ... and the illustrations are uniformly excellent." -- James Blackburn, American Journal of Physics (September 2012)
"The book is a famous introduction into the wide field of chaos and provides a very good basis for further studies. It is very useful for ... students in engineering, natural sciences, and mathematics or people interested in a better understanding of the nature of chaos. It is highly recommended." -- Bernd Platzer, Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (May 2012)
"This is altogether a brilliantly written book that reflects the huge dedication and passion of the author to explaining the phenomenon of chaos. I can highly recommend this work to any reader who wishes to understand fundamental concepts and ideas of chaos without the need to employ any advanced mathematical formalism." -- Rainer Klages, Journal of Statistical Physics (July 2011)
"[Chaos] could serve as the basis for a college-level general science course as well as a resource for curious nonscientists. Kautz writes well, provides easy-to-follow explanations, and includes historical context through biographical sketches." -- Eric Kincanon, Choice Reviews (July 2011)
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent
By ubpdqn
This is an excellent book. The author systematically introduces the major concepts using simple models (particularly pendulum) and iterations of algebraic equations, visualizations based on these and amplified by interactive media on an accompanying CD. Systems of increasing complexity: 1D, 2D, 3D were pursued. Each step is built on from previous ones and there is useful repetition of previous ideas. This exploration is put into a wonderful historical context . I found these historical vignettes one of the most enjoyable parts of the book and they blended well with the exposition. The evolution of the subject (the motivations, starts and stops) was partitioned naturally within the progressive exposition in the text.
I read this shortly after reading An Introduction To Chaotic Dynamical Systems by Robert L. Devaney. The central concepts of the characteristics of chaos: sensitivity to initial conditions; topological transitivity and dense set of periodic orbits were explored and explained in a clear and deep (yet deceptively simple manner). I developed deeper insights into concepts I found difficult: including homoclinic points,, homoclinic trajectories, heteroclinic trajectories. The use of Liapunov exponent was very helpful.
Finally, the culmination of potential applications and range of disciplines: Conway's game of life, Wolfram classification of cellular automata, control systems, biomedical science, forecasting was a great way to pull together all the ideas.
0 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Initially received the book and did a quick skim of ...
By onglee
Initially received the book and did a quick skim of the chapters. "Chaos" is a complex topic and this book will help clarify the concept/theory.
See all 3 customer reviews...
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